CCNA All in One

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) was the first commonly used IGP in the history of TCP/IP. Organizations used RIP inside their networks commonly in the 1980s, and into the 1990s. RIPv2, created in the mid-1990s, improved RIPv2, giving engineers an option for easy migration and co-existence to move from RIPv1 to the better RIPv2. Features of Both RIPv1 and RIPv2 Like all IGPs, both RIPv1 and RIPv2 perform the same core features. That is, when using either RIPv1 or RIPv2, a router advertises information to help other routers learn routes; a router learns routes by listening to messages from other routers; a router chooses the best route to each subnet by looking at the metric of the competing routes; and the routing protocol converges to use new routes when something changes about the network. RIPv1 and RIPv2 use the same logic to achieve most of those core functions. The similarities include the following: Both send regular full periodic routing updates on a 30-...

Network security  is a completely changing area; new devices like IDS (Intrusion Detection systems), IPS (Intrusion Prevention systems), and Honeypots are modifying the way people think about security. Companies are spending thousands of dollars on new security devices, but forgetting the basic, the first line of defense: the border router. Although a lot of people may think that routers don’t need to be protected, they are completely wrong. A lot of secure problems appear all time against this kind of device and most of them are vulnerable. There are 8 steps, easy to follow, to minimize your Cisco router exposure by turning off some unused services, applying some access control and applying some security options available on that. 1- Control Access to your router The first thing to do is apply some rules to restrict all external access to some ports of the router. You can block all ports, but it is not always necessary. These commands bellow will protec...